programmed death 1  (Multi Sciences (Lianke) Biotech Co Ltd)

Journal: Journal of Translational Autoimmunity

Article Title: T cell proliferative response to a homocitrullinated peptide correlates with joint pathology in collagen induced arthritis

doi: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2025.100345

Figure Lengend Snippet: RA-Specific Serum IgG Antibodies in DBA/1J Mice. Sera were collected biweekly from DBA/1J mice immunized with bovine type II collagen (bCII) (arthritic: N = 9–18; non-arthritic: N = 17–37), or PBS (N = 14) and tested via indirect ELISA for A) anti-CitP, and B) anti-HomoCitP IgG antibodies. Graphs show the median [IQR] for each group, with a cut-off indicating the limit of detection (dashed line). Statistical analysis was performed using a mixed effects model with the Geisser-Greenhouse correction and Tukey's multiple comparisons test. The resulting p-values are indicated on the graphs.

Article Snippet: The anti-mCII ELISA kits were used according to manufacturer's protocol (2036T; Chondrex).

Techniques: Indirect ELISA

Journal: Integrative Medicine Research

Article Title: Therapeutic effects of pomegranate hot-water extract via inhibition of apoptosis and oxidative stress in a DHEA-induced mouse model of PCOS

doi: 10.1016/j.imr.2025.101264

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pg-hWE alleviates PCOS symptoms in a mouse model based on H&E staining. (A) PCOS mouse model construction. The mice were subcutaneously administered with 30 mg/kg of DHEA for six weeks. One week prior to start of SC administration, each group was administered the appropriate drug (tap water, dextrin, and Pg-hWE) orally. (B) Body weight was measured once a week. (C) Results of the AMH ELISA with mouse serum. (D) Mouse ovary histology by H&E staining. (E) Results of ovarian follicles by type. # p < 0.05 ## p < 0.01 compared with the Normal group, * p < 0.05 and ⁎⁎ p < 0.01 compared with the PCOS group.

Article Snippet: ELISA of mouse serum was performed using the CUSABIO's anti-Müllerian hormone ELISA kit (CUSABIO, Houston, TX, USA) as reported previously, and all preparation and experimental procedures were performed according to the protocol provided by CUSABIO.

Techniques: Staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Bioengineered extracellular vesicles escape lysosomal degradation and deliver Tet-PKM2 for macrophage immunometabolic reprogramming and periodontitis treatment

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.01.002

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunomodulatory effects of the bioengineered LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA in terms of their ability to modulate macrophage polarization in vitro . The macrophages were treated with 100 ng/mL LPS for 24 h and then treated with PBS (Control), 100 μg/mL LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , or LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA for another 24 h. ( A ) The relative mRNA expression levels of M1 polarization-related genes ( IL-6 and IL-1β ) and M2 polarization-related genes ( IL-4 and Arg-1 ) in the Control, LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , and LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA groups (qRT‒PCR) ( n = 3). ( B ) Concentrations of M1-related cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and M2-related cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) in the supernatants of the Control, LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , and LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA groups (ELISA) ( n = 3). ( C ) Representative immunofluorescence images and quantification of the expression levels of M1-related proteins (iNOS and CCR7) and M2-related proteins (CD163, CD206, and Arg-1) in the Control, LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , and LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA groups ( n = 3). The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA ( A , B , and C ). ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001 indicate significant differences between the indicated columns.

Article Snippet: Kits were sourced as follows: TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 from Fankew (Shanghai Kexing Trading Co., Ltd., China) and IL-6 from Proteintech.

Techniques: In Vitro, Control, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Translational Oncology

Article Title: Tumor-stroma contributes to immunotherapeutic resistance in non-small cell lung cancer via SEMA3C-mediated immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment

doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2026.102679

Figure Lengend Snippet: SEMA3C-targeting treatment inhibited tumor growth and restored T cell function. (A) Schematic of the treatment protocol in mice bearing Lewis cells. (B) Tumor growth curve of mice treated with PBS and the SEMA3C-targeting treatment. (C-D) Representative images showing the tumors harvested from mice bearing Lewis cells treated with PBS and the SEMA3C-targeting treatment, and weight of the harvested tumors. Data was presented as mean±SD. Significance was calculated with the Student’s t -test. **** P < 0.001. (E-G) Relative concentrations of PD-1 (E), GZMB (F), and IFN-γ (G) as measured by ELISA in Lewis cell-bearing mice treated with PBS or SEMA3C-targeting treatment. Data was presented as mean±SD. Significance was calculated with the Student’s t -test. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Additionally, mouse protein levels of programmed death-1 (PD-1, catalog EK2271), IFN-γ (catalog EK280), and granzyme B (GZMB, catalog EK2173) in peripheral blood from Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing mice were assessed using ELISA kits from MultiSciences (LIANKE) Biotech Co., Ltd (Hangzhou, China).

Techniques: Cell Function Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay